COMPANY·HISTORIES
NAIC 322110

Pulp Mills

How the companies in this industry began, and the forces that shaped them.

28companies1852–1986founding years28still active0no longer operating
§ 01

The industry over time

Companies foundedEconomyTechnologyEnvironmentHistory
FoundedPope & Talbot, Inc.FoundedPope & Talbot, Inc.
1852
FoundedUPM-Kymmene Corporation
1872
FoundedConsolidated Papers, Inc.
1894
FoundedStora Enso OyjFoundedStora Enso Oyj
1896
FoundedInternational Paper Company
1898
FoundedPotlatch Corporation
1903
TechnologyThe Wright brothers achieve powered flight.
FoundedThe Siam Cement Public Company Limited
1913
1914
EconomyWorld War I begins; global trade reorders.
FoundedEmpresas CMPC S.A.FoundedEmpresas CMPC S.A.
1920
FoundedKimberly-Clark de México, S.A. de C.V.
1925
FoundedGeorgia-Pacific Corporation
1927
FoundedMiquel y Costas Miquel S.A.FoundedMiquel y Costas Miquel S.A.
1929
EconomyThe stock market crashes; the Great Depression spreads worldwide.
FoundedEmpresas Copec S.A.
1934
1939
EconomyWorld War II begins; wartime production surges.
1945
EconomyThe war ends; a long global expansion begins.
1947
TechnologyThe transistor is invented.
1958
TechnologyThe integrated circuit is demonstrated.
FoundedNorske Skogindustrier ASA
1962
EnvironmentSilent Spring launches the modern environmental movement.
1971
EconomyThe dollar leaves the gold standard; currencies float.
1973
EconomyThe OPEC oil embargo triggers a global shock.
1975
TechnologyThe personal-computer era begins.
1979
EconomyA second oil crisis drives inflation higher worldwide.
1981
TechnologyThe IBM PC launches and sets a standard.
1984
TechnologyApple ships the Macintosh; the GUI era begins.
FoundedM-real Oyj
1986
1987
EconomyBlack Monday: markets fall sharply around the world.
1989
HistoryThe Berlin Wall falls; global markets open up.
1991
TechnologyThe World Wide Web is released to the public.
1993
TechnologyThe Mosaic browser brings the web to everyone.
1995
TechnologyWindows 95 launches; the internet goes mainstream.
1997
EconomyThe Asian financial crisis rattles global markets.
EnvironmentThe Kyoto Protocol sets the first climate targets.
2000
EconomyThe dot-com bubble bursts.
2004
TechnologySocial media and Web 2.0 take hold.
2007
TechnologyThe iPhone launches the smartphone era.
2008
EconomyThe global financial crisis freezes credit worldwide.
2010
TechnologyCloud computing goes mainstream for business.
2015
EnvironmentThe Paris Agreement sets global climate targets.
2020
EconomyThe COVID-19 pandemic upends the global economy.
2022
EconomyInflation spikes; central banks raise rates sharply.
2023
TechnologyGenerative AI reaches mainstream business use.
§ 02

The companies

Pope & Talbot, Inc. →
Active · founded 1852
1980s:Pope & Talbot diversifies into consumer products by either acquiring or building diaper and tissue plants.
Pope & Talbot, Inc. →
Active · founded 1852
1980s:Pope & Talbot diversifies into consumer products by either acquiring or building diaper and tissue plants.
UPM-Kymmene Corporation →
Active · founded 1872 · Finland
UPM-Kymmene Corporation is Finland's leading forestry company and Europe's largest papermaking concern.
UPM-Kymmene Corporation →
Active · founded 1872 · Finland
UPM-Kymmene Corporation is Finland's leading forestry company and Europe's largest papermaking concern.
Consolidated Papers, Inc. →
Active · founded 1894
Consolidated Papers, Inc., which was acquired by Finnish-Swedish paper giant Stora Enso Oyj in August 2000, is the…
Consolidated Papers, Inc. →
Active · founded 1894
Consolidated Papers, Inc., which was acquired by Finnish-Swedish paper giant Stora Enso Oyj in August 2000, is the…
Stora Enso Oyj →
Active · founded 1896 · Finland
1288: First documentary evidence of mining at the copper mountain near Falun, Sweden.
Stora Enso Oyj →
Active · founded 1896 · Finland
1288: First documentary evidence of mining at the copper mountain near Falun, Sweden.
International Paper Company →
Active · founded 1898
International Paper Company (IP) is the world's largest producer of paper, packaging, and forest products.
International Paper Company →
Active · founded 1898
International Paper Company (IP) is the world's largest producer of paper, packaging, and forest products.
Potlatch Corporation →
Active · founded 1903
Potlatch Corporation--a mid-sized manufacturer of wood products, printing paper, and other pulp- and paper-based…
Potlatch Corporation →
Active · founded 1903
Potlatch Corporation--a mid-sized manufacturer of wood products, printing paper, and other pulp- and paper-based…
The Siam Cement Public Company Limited →
Active · founded 1913 · Thailand
One of Thailand's largest companies, The Siam Cement Public Company Limited is a diversified conglomerate with…
The Siam Cement Public Company Limited →
Active · founded 1913 · Thailand
One of Thailand's largest companies, The Siam Cement Public Company Limited is a diversified conglomerate with…
Empresas CMPC S.A. →
Active · founded 1920 · Chile
Empresas CMPC S.A.
Empresas CMPC S.A. →
Active · founded 1920 · Chile
Empresas CMPC S.A.
Kimberly-Clark de México, S.A. de C.V. →
Active · founded 1925 · Mexico
Kimberly-Clark de México, S.A.
Kimberly-Clark de México, S.A. de C.V. →
Active · founded 1925 · Mexico
Kimberly-Clark de México, S.A.
Georgia-Pacific Corporation →
Active · founded 1927
Georgia-Pacific Corporation is a leading manufacturer and distributor of paper-based consumer products, pulp, office…
Georgia-Pacific Corporation →
Active · founded 1927
Georgia-Pacific Corporation is a leading manufacturer and distributor of paper-based consumer products, pulp, office…
Miquel y Costas Miquel S.A. →
Active · founded 1929 · Spain
Miquel y Costas Miquel S.A.(MCM) is a manufacturer of specialty papers and one of only four cigarette paper…
Miquel y Costas Miquel S.A. →
Active · founded 1929 · Spain
Miquel y Costas Miquel S.A.(MCM) is a manufacturer of specialty papers and one of only four cigarette paper…
Empresas Copec S.A. →
Active · founded 1934 · Chile
Empresas Copec S.A.
Empresas Copec S.A. →
Active · founded 1934 · Chile
Empresas Copec S.A.
Norske Skogindustrier ASA →
Active · founded 1962 · Norway
Norske Skogindustrier ASA (the name literally means Norwegian Paper Industry) has repositioned itself at the beginning…
Norske Skogindustrier ASA →
Active · founded 1962 · Norway
Norske Skogindustrier ASA (the name literally means Norwegian Paper Industry) has repositioned itself at the beginning…
M-real Oyj →
Active · founded 1986 · Finland
M-real Oyj--known as Metsä-Serla Oy until 2001--operates as a leading supplier of paper and paperboard and is Europe's…
M-real Oyj →
Active · founded 1986 · Finland
M-real Oyj--known as Metsä-Serla Oy until 2001--operates as a leading supplier of paper and paperboard and is Europe's…
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